Let’s explore the world of the tambourine, a fun and versatile percussion instrument. This article will explain what a tambourine is, its history, how it is played and its role in music. We will also discuss different types of tambourines, and look at some frequently asked questions.
Understanding the Basics of a Tambourine
A tambourine is a musical instrument in the percussion family. It is made up of a frame, often circular, with small metal discs called jingles or zils attached around the edge. Some tambourines also have a drumhead, or a piece of skin or plastic stretched across one side. When you shake or hit the tambourine, it makes a bright, rattling sound. The combination of the frame, the jingles, and sometimes a drumhead, creates a unique sound that can be both rhythmic and melodic. It is important to note that some tambourines do not have a head, these are known as frameless tambourines, and they rely solely on the sound of the jingles for sound.
The History of the Tambourine
The history of the tambourine goes back a long way. Instruments similar to the tambourine have been found in many ancient cultures. These early tambourines were often used in religious ceremonies, celebrations, and folk music. In ancient Egypt, they were used in religious processions. In the Middle East, they were used in folk music and dances. Over time, the tambourine has found its way into many different styles of music around the world. Its simple design and lively sound has made it a popular instrument for hundreds of years. This history shows that the tambourine is not just a simple instrument, it has cultural and historical importance.
How to Play a Tambourine
Playing the tambourine is often thought of as being easy, but it can be quite nuanced. There are several ways to create different sounds. The most common method is by shaking the instrument. This causes the jingles to hit each other and the frame, creating a bright, shimmering sound. You can also hit the tambourine with your hand or fingers, creating a more defined beat. Some players use their knuckles to make sharper sounds. When a tambourine has a drumhead, you can also strike this with your fingers, knuckles, or the heel of your hand. There are many different ways to play, and experimentation can lead to creating interesting rhythmic patterns.
Tambourines in Music
The tambourine has a special place in many different genres of music. It can be found in everything from folk and pop music to classical and orchestral pieces. It adds a lively and festive touch to any piece of music. In popular music, you often hear the tambourine used as a background instrument, adding an extra rhythmic element. In orchestral music, it is often used to highlight and enhance the percussion section. The tambourine’s versatility allows it to fit well within many genres, making it an essential part of many musical styles. Its ability to provide both a rhythmic and melodic feel makes it an essential part of the musical experience.
Different Types of Tambourines
There are many different types of tambourines. One of the most common variations is the framed tambourine, which has a drumhead stretched over a frame, making it look a little like a small drum. There are also frameless tambourines, which are simply a hoop with jingles attached. Tambourines can come in different sizes, from small ones that fit in the palm of your hand to large ones that are played on a stand. The materials that the tambourine is made of can also vary. The frame can be made of wood, metal, or plastic. The jingles can be made from different types of metal, which affect the overall sound of the instrument.
Key Takeaway: The tambourine is a percussion instrument, consisting of a frame and jingles, and is used in many music genres.
Tambourine Materials and Construction
The materials used to construct a tambourine greatly affect its sound. The frame is usually made from wood, metal or plastic. Wooden frames may provide a warmer, richer sound. Metal frames can be more durable and give a brighter, more resonant sound. Plastic is lighter and is more suited for children’s instruments. The jingles are often made from metals such as brass, steel, or even silver, each giving a distinctive sound. The drumhead, when present, can be made from animal skin or plastic. Natural skin heads provide a warmer sound than plastic ones, which tend to be brighter and more consistent. The combination of these materials all contribute to the unique sounds that tambourines make.
Caring for a Tambourine
Taking care of a tambourine can help it to last for a long time. Keep the tambourine in a cool dry place when it is not being used. If the frame is wood, it should not be kept in damp conditions, as this will damage the wood. Avoid exposing the instrument to extreme temperatures. If your tambourine has a drumhead, it is important to check it regularly for any damage, like rips or dents. Clean the jingles by gently wiping them with a soft cloth. Sometimes, a small amount of metal polish can make the jingles shine and help to prevent any tarnishing. A well maintained tambourine will sound much better than one that has not been cared for, which enhances the musical experience.
The Tambourine in Education
Tambourines are often used in schools and music education. They are easy for children to learn and they are a great way to teach rhythm and musicality. Children can learn basic rhythm patterns by shaking or tapping the tambourine. Because they are relatively simple to use, children of all ages and abilities can participate in group music activities. The tambourine helps to develop motor skills and hand-eye coordination. Many teachers and educators will use them in classrooms to introduce music in a fun and engaging way.
Famous Tambourine Players
Although the tambourine is often used as a background instrument, there are many famous musicians who have become well-known for their tambourine playing. Many pop and rock bands, for example, will utilise the tambourine for its rhythmic qualities. Many folk musicians also use them extensively in their performances, sometimes as a focal point rather than just being in the background. In traditional music, you may find tambourine players are also dancers and singers. They use the tambourine not just as a musical instrument but also as part of their performance.
Key Takeaway: The tambourine is a versatile instrument used across many musical genres and in education.
Tambourine vs. Other Percussion Instruments
It can be helpful to compare the tambourine to other percussion instruments to understand what makes it unique. Unlike drums which have a deep, resonating sound, the tambourine’s sound is lighter and more high-pitched. Compared to cymbals, which have a loud, crashing sound, the tambourine’s sound is gentler. A triangle produces a clear, bell-like sound which is very different from the tambourine’s rattling sound. The tambourine’s combination of jingles and sometimes a drumhead creates a unique sound that sits in between these other instruments. This makes the tambourine both useful and different from other percussion instruments, which adds to its versatility.
The Versatility of the Tambourine
One of the reasons the tambourine is so popular is because of its versatility. It can be played in a range of styles, from simple rhythmic patterns to intricate percussion solos. Its use in many different types of music shows how adaptable it is. Whether it is adding a gentle shimmer to a ballad or creating a driving rhythm for a dance track, the tambourine can adapt to whatever the music needs. The instrument is easy to carry around and to learn, making it accessible to most people. The versatility of the tambourine is the reason why it continues to be a favourite among musicians.
The Tambourine in Different Cultures
The tambourine has also found a place in many cultures around the world. Each culture uses the instrument in its own unique way. In some cultures, the tambourine is closely tied to traditional dances and celebrations. In others, it is used in religious ceremonies or as part of a storytelling tradition. The instrument is often decorated with elaborate designs that reflect the culture’s heritage. The cultural differences highlight how much an instrument can be shaped by local customs. This shows that the tambourine is not just an instrument, it is a cultural artifact with its own distinct history.
Key Takeaway: The tambourine’s versatility allows it to be used in different genres and cultures around the world.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the difference between a tambourine and a frame drum?
While they are both percussion instruments, the tambourine typically has jingles and a smaller frame, while the frame drum is generally larger and lacks the jingles. The frame drum focuses on the sound produced by striking the drumhead.
Can a tambourine be tuned?
Unlike instruments with strings or keys, the tambourine cannot be tuned to specific notes. However, the sound may vary depending on the size, materials, and how it is played.
How do I clean my tambourine?
To clean your tambourine, use a soft, dry cloth to wipe the frame and jingles. For the drumhead, you can use a slightly damp cloth. Avoid using any harsh chemicals or solvents.
Can anyone play a tambourine?
Yes, a tambourine is easy for most people to learn, making it a popular choice for those new to playing instruments.
What are tambourine jingles made from?
The jingles are often made from brass, steel, or silver, although different metals may be used to create different sounds.
Conclusion
The tambourine is a fascinating and versatile instrument with a long and rich history. From its simple design to its ability to add unique rhythmic and melodic aspects to music, it has found a place in many cultures and musical styles. Whether it is being shaken, tapped, or struck, the tambourine creates sounds that make music engaging and enjoyable. It’s ease of use and its versatility are the reasons why the tambourine will continue to be an important part of music for many years to come.
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Construction | Frame with jingles, sometimes with a drumhead |
| Sound | Bright, rattling, shimmering |
| Genres | Folk, pop, classical, orchestral, and more |
| Play Styles | Shaking, tapping, striking with hand, knuckles, or fingers |
| Materials | Wood, metal, plastic for frame; metal for jingles; animal skin or plastic for drumhead |
| Maintenance | Keep dry, clean with soft cloth, avoid extreme temperatures, check for damage to drumhead and jingles |